Operators are special characters which perform operation on operands (values or variable).There are various kind of operators available in Kotlin.
- Arithmetic operator
- Relation operator
- Assignment operator
- Unary operator
- Bitwise operation
- Logical operator
Arithmetic Operator
Arithmetic operators are used to perform basic mathematical operations such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/) etc.
| Operator | Description | Expression | Translate to |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | a+b | a.plus(b) |
| – | Subtraction | a-b | a.minus(b) |
| * | Multiply | a*b | a.times(b) |
| / | Division | a/b | a.div(b) |
| % | Modulus | a%b | a.rem(b) |
Example of Arithmetic Operator
fun main(args : Array<String>) {
var a=10;
var b=5;
println(a+b);
println(a-b);
println(a*b);
println(a/b);
println(a%b);
}Output:
15
5
50
2
0
Relation Operator
Relation operator shows the relation and compares between operands. Following are the different relational operators:
| Operator | Description | Expression | Translate to |
|---|---|---|---|
| > | greater than | a>b | a.compateTo(b)>0 |
| < | Less than | a<b | a.compateTo(b)<0 |
| >= | greater than or equal to | a>=b | a.compateTo(b)>=0 |
| <= | less than or equal to | a<=b | a?.equals(b)?:(b===null) |
| == | is equal to | a==b | a?.equals(b)?:(b===null) |
| != | not equal to | a!=b | !(a?.equals(b)?:(b===null)) |
Example of Relation Operator
fun main(args : Array<String>) {
val a = 5
val b = 10
val max = if (a > b) {
println("a is greater than b.")
a
} else{
println("b is greater than a.")
b
}
println("max = $max")
} Output:
b is greater than a.
max = 10
Assignment operator
Assignment operator “=” is used to assign a value to another variable. The assignment of value takes from right to left.
| Operator | Description | Expression | Convert to |
|---|---|---|---|
| += | add and assign | a+=b | a.plusAssign(b) |
| -= | subtract and assign | a-=b | a.minusAssign(b) |
| *= | multiply and assign | a*=b | a.timesAssign(b) |
| /= | divide and assign | a/=b | a.divAssign(b) |
| %= | mod and assign | a%=b | a.remAssign(b) |
Example of Assignment operator
fun main(args : Array<String>) {
var a =20;var b=5
a+=b
println("a+=b :"+ a)
a-=b
println("a-=b :"+ a)
a*=b
println("a*=b :"+ a)
a/=b
println("a/=b :"+ a)
a%=b
println("a%=b :"+ a)
} Output:
a+=b :25
a-=b :20
a*=b :100
a/=b :20
a%=b :0
Unary Operator
Unary operator is used with only single operand. Following are some unary operator given below.
| Operator | Description | Expression | Convert to |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | unary plus | +a | a.unaryPlus() |
| – | unary minus | -a | a.unaryMinus() |
| ++ | increment by 1 | ++a | a.inc() |
| — | decrement by 1 | –a | a.dec() |
| ! | not | !a | a.not() |
Example of Unary Operator
fun main(args: Array<String>){
var a=10
var b=5
var flag = true
println("+a :"+ +a)
println("-b :"+ -b)
println("++a :"+ ++a)
println("--b :"+ --b)
println("!flag :"+ !flag)
} Output:
+a :10
-b :-5
++a :11
--b :4
!flag :false
Logical Operator
Logical operators are used to check conditions between operands. List of logical operators are given below.
| Operator | Description | Expression | Convert to |
|---|---|---|---|
| && | return true if all expression are true | (a>b) && (a>c) | (a>b) and (a>c) |
| || | return true if any expression are true | (a>b) || (a>c) | (a>b) or(a>c) |
| ! | return complement of expression | !a | a.not() |
Example of Logical Operator
fun main(args: Array<String>){
var a=10
var b=5
var c=15
var flag = false
var result: Boolean
result = (a>b) && (a>c)
println("(a>b) && (a>c) :"+ result)
result = (a>b) || (a>c)
println("(a>b) || (a>c) :"+ result)
result = !flag
println("!flag :"+ result)
} Output:
(a>b) && (a>c) :false
(a>b) || (a>c) :true
!flag :true
Bitwise Operation
In Kotlin, there is not any special bitwise operator. Bitwise operation is done using named function.
| Named Function | Description | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| shl (bits) | signed shift left | a.shl(b) |
| shr (bits) | signed shift right | a.shr(b) |
| ushr (bits) | unsigned shift right | a.ushr(b) |
| and (bits) | bitwise and | a.and(b) |
| or (bits) | bitwise or | a.or(b) |
| xor (bits) | bitwise xor | a.xor(b) |
| inv() | bitwise inverse | a.inv() |
Example of Bitwise Operation
fun main(args: Array<String>){
var a=10
var b=2
println("a.shl(b): "+a.shl(b))
println("a.shr(b): "+a.shr(b))
println("a.ushr(b:) "+a.ushr(b))
println("a.and(b): "+a.and(b))
println("a.or(b): "+a.or(b))
println("a.xor(b): "+a.xor(b))
println("a.inv(): "+a.inv())
} Output:
a.shl(b): 40
a.shr(b): 2
a.ushr(b:) 2
a.and(b): 2
a.or(b): 10
a.xor(b): 8
a.inv(): -11