Author: saqibkhan

Sessions are used to store information about the user across the requests. Laravel provides various drivers like file, cookie, apc, array, Memcached, Redis, and database to handle session data. By default, file driver is used because it is lightweight. Session can be configured in the file stored at config/session.php.

Accessing Session Data

To access the session data, we need an instance of session which can be accessed via HTTP request. After getting the instance, we can use the get() method, which will take one argument, “key”, to get the session data.

$value = $request->session()->get('key');

You can use all() method to get all session data instead of get() method.

Storing Session Data

Data can be stored in session using the put() method. The put() method will take two arguments, the “key” and the “value”.

$request->session()->put('key', 'value');

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Deleting Session Data

The forget() method is used to delete an item from the session. This method will take “key” as the argument.

$request->session()->forget('key');

Use flush() method instead of forget() method to delete all session data. Use the pull() method to retrieve data from session and delete it afterwards. The pull() method will also take key as the argument. The difference between the forget() and the pull() method is that forget() method will not return the value of the session and pull() method will return it and delete that value from session.

Example

Step 1 − Create a controller called SessionController by executing the following command.

php artisan make:controller SessionController --plain

Step 2 − After successful execution, you will receive the following output −

Step 3 − Copy the following code in a file at

app/Http/Controllers/SessionController.php.

app/Http/Controllers/SessionController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class SessionController extends Controller {
   public function accessSessionData(Request $request) {
  if($request-&gt;session()-&gt;has('my_name'))
     echo $request-&gt;session()-&gt;get('my_name');
  else
     echo 'No data in the session';
   }
   public function storeSessionData(Request $request) {
  $request-&gt;session()-&gt;put('my_name','Virat Gandhi');
  echo "Data has been added to session";
   }
   public function deleteSessionData(Request $request) {
  $request-&gt;session()-&gt;forget('my_name');
  echo "Data has been removed from session.";
   }
}

Step 4 − Add the following lines at app/Http/routes.php file.

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('session/get','SessionController@accessSessionData');
Route::get('session/set','SessionController@storeSessionData');
Route::get('session/remove','SessionController@deleteSessionData');

Step 5 − Visit the following URL to set data in session.

http://localhost:8000/session/set

Step 6 − The output will appear as shown in the following image.

Step 7 − Visit the following URL to get data from session.

http://localhost:8000/session/get

Step 8 − The output will appear as shown in the following image.

Step 9 − Visit the following URL to remove session data.

http://localhost:8000/session/remove

Step 10 − You will see a message as shown in the following image.

Localization feature of Laravel supports different language to be used in application. You need to store all the strings of different language in a file and these files are stored at resources/views directory. You should create a separate directory for each supported language. All the language files should return an array of keyed strings as shown below.

<?php
return [
   'welcome' => 'Welcome to the application'
];

Example

Step 1 − Create 3 files for languages − English, French, and German. Save English file at resources/lang/en/lang.php

<?php
   return [
  'msg' =&gt; 'Laravel Internationalization example.'
   ];
?>

Step 2 − Save French file at resources/lang/fr/lang.php.

<?php
   return [
  'msg' =&gt; 'Exemple Laravel internationalisation.'
   ];
?>

Step 3 − Save German file at resources/lang/de/lang.php.

<?php
   return [
  'msg' =&gt; 'Laravel Internationalisierung Beispiel.' 
   ];
?>

Step 4 − Create a controller called LocalizationController by executing the following command.

php artisan make:controller LocalizationController --plain

Step 5 − After successful execution, you will receive the following output −

Step 6 − Copy the following code to file

app/Http/Controllers/LocalizationController.php

app/Http/Controllers/LocalizationController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class LocalizationController extends Controller {
   public function index(Request $request,$locale) {
  //set’s application’s locale
  app()-&gt;setLocale($locale);
  
  //Gets the translated message and displays it
  echo trans('lang.msg');
   }
}

Step 7 − Add a route for LocalizationController in app/Http/routes.php file. Notice that we are passing {locale} argument after localization/ which we will use to see output in different language.

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('localization/{locale}','LocalizationController@index');

Step 8 − Now, let us visit the different URLs to see all different languages. Execute the below URL to see output in English language.

http://localhost:8000/localization/en

Step 9 − The output will appear as shown in the following image.

Step 10 − Execute the below URL to see output in French language.

http://localhost:8000/localization/fr

Step 11 − The output will appear as shown in the following image.

Step 12 − Execute the below URL to see output in German language

http://localhost:8000/localization/de

Step 13 − The output will appear as shown in the following image.