Swift Polymorphism

Swift Polymorphism

Treat related types uniformly via inheritance or protocol conformance.

Override methods and rely on dynamic dispatch.

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Basic Polymorphism

Use inheritance to treat related types uniformly.

Example

class Animal { func speak() { print("...") } }
class Dog: Animal { override func speak() { print("Woof") } }
class Cat: Animal { override func speak() { print("Meow") } }

let animals: [Animal] = [Dog(), Cat()]
animals.forEach { $0.speak() }

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Protocol Polymorphism

Use a protocol to treat unrelated types uniformly.

Example

protocol Speaker { func speak() }
struct Dog: Speaker { func speak() { print("Woof") } }
struct Cat: Speaker { func speak() { print("Meow") } }

let speakers: [Speaker] = [Dog(), Cat()]
speakers.forEach { $0.speak() }